Monthly climate normals 1991-2020 per municipality
Mean 2 m air temperature (°C) and mean monthly precipitation (mm) for each month, 1991-2020, per municipality, from Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly means (ERA5 where ERA5-Land has no value), nearest grid cell to the municipality centre.
- Period
- 1991-2020
- Coverage
- Municipalities (FR, PT, LU, RS, DE, GB)
- Version
- 1.1.0
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0
- DOI
- 10.5281/zenodo.24184871
Downloads
FR
fr_climate_normals_1991_2020.csvfr_climate_normals_1991_2020.parquetfr_datapackage.json
PT
pt_climate_normals_1991_2020.csvpt_climate_normals_1991_2020.parquetpt_datapackage.json
LU
lu_climate_normals_1991_2020.csvlu_climate_normals_1991_2020.parquetlu_datapackage.json
RS
rs_climate_normals_1991_2020.csvrs_climate_normals_1991_2020.parquetrs_datapackage.json
DE
de_climate_normals_1991_2020.csvde_climate_normals_1991_2020.parquetde_datapackage.json
GB
gb_climate_normals_1991_2020.csvgb_climate_normals_1991_2020.parquetgb_datapackage.json
Source code and scripts on GitHubdata.gouv.frZenododata.public.ludata.gov.rs
Columns
| Column | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|
| country | ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code | |
| code | Official municipality code (string, leading zeros kept) | |
| name | Municipality name | |
| admin1_code | First-level administrative unit code | |
| admin1_name | First-level administrative unit name | |
| admin2_code | Second-level administrative unit code (may be empty) | |
| admin2_name | Second-level administrative unit name (may be empty) | |
| latitude | ° | Municipality reference point latitude (WGS84) |
| longitude | ° | Municipality reference point longitude (WGS84) |
| grid_lat | ° | Latitude of the reanalysis grid cell centre used |
| grid_lon | ° | Longitude of the reanalysis grid cell centre used |
| grid_source | era5-land (0.1°, primary) or era5 (0.25°, where ERA5-Land has no value) | |
| elevation_m | m | Elevation of the municipality reference point |
| grid_elevation_m | m | Model elevation of the grid cell used |
| month | Calendar month 1-12 | |
| tmean_c | °C | Mean 2 m air temperature at elevation_m |
| precip_mm | mm | Mean monthly total precipitation |
| period | Reference period of the normals | |
| weatheo_url | Weatheo forecast page of the municipality (empty when none) |
Method
Copernicus ERA5-Land reanalysis grid values (monthly means, 0.1°, about 9 km), not station observations; ERA5 (0.25°) where the ERA5-Land cell has no value (coasts, large lakes). Each municipality takes the grid cell nearest its reference point; temperature is adjusted from the grid cell elevation to the municipality elevation at 6.5 °C per km. Thirty-year means of the monthly values give the normals.
Limits
These are reanalysis grid values, not measurements of weather stations: they can differ from official station records, above all in mountains, on coasts and in large cities (the urban heat island is not resolved). They are not official statistics.
How to cite
Weatheo (2026). Monthly climate normals 1991-2020 per municipality (Version 1.1.0) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24184871
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0). Weatheo (weatheo.com). Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains. © GeoBasis-DE / BKG (2026), dl-de/by-2-0, data changed. Source: Office for National Statistics, Open Government Licence v3.0; contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2022.
Changelog
- 1.0.0 (2026-11-13): First release: France, Portugal, Luxembourg and Serbia.
- 1.1.0 (2026-11-13): Adds Germany and Great Britain.